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Betsiboka River is a long river in central-north Madagascar. It flows northwestward and empties to Bombetoka Bay, forming a large delta. It originates to the east of Antananarivo. The river is surrounded in mangroves. The river is distinct for its red-coloured water, which is caused by river sediments. The river carries an enormous amount of reddish-orange silt to the sea. Much of this silt is deposited at the mouth of the river or in the bay. It is dramatic evidence of the catastrophic erosion of northwestern Madagascar. Removal of the native forest for cultivation and pastureland during the past 50 years has led to massive annual soil losses approaching 250 metric tonnes per hectare (112 tons per acre) in some regions of the island, the largest amount recorded anywhere in the world. Several fish species are endemic to the river basin, including the three cichlids ''Paretroplus petiti'', ''P. tsimoly'' and ''P. maculatus''. The Betsiboka's largest tributary, the Ikopa River, drains the capital city of Antananarivo. File:Betsiboka estuary.jpg|Betsiboka River estuary seen from space File:Betsiboka River September 22, 2003.jpg|The Betsiboka River in normal conditions File:Betsiboka River January 30, 2009.jpg|The Betsiboka River when flooded == References == * (Floods in Madagascar ) at NASA Earth Observatory * (Sediment Laden Drainages ) at Lunar and Planetary Institute, USRA * (NASA: Earth from Space ) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Betsiboka River」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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